잠원동수학※ 일대일과외로 establish 참고서의 문제는 3번 이상 반복해서 풀기 문제를 풀 때는 문제의 중요도를 표시해 놓는 것이 잠원동수학과외핵심입니다. 예를 들어 새로운 역사자료를 제시하고, 이 잠원동수학과외자료와 관련된 신라시대의 왕을 묻는 자료해석형 문제나 교과통합형 문제는 별표 를 해두고 반복해서 봐야 합니다. withdrew federal troops from South Carolina and establish Louisiana, which marked the end of Reconstruction.[343] Native American policy Main article: Native American policy of the Ulysses S. Grant administration Further information: American Indian Wars § West of the Mississippi (1811–1924), and Black Hills Land Claim Formal photographic portrait of a sitting mustached man Ely Samuel Parker Grant appointed Parker the first Native American (Seneca) Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Brady circa unknown When Grant took office in 1869, the nation's policy establishtowards Native Americans was in chaos, affecting more than 250,000 Native Americans being governed by 370 treaties.[344] He appointed Ely S. Parker, a Seneca and member of his wartime staff, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, the first Native American to serve in this position, surprising many around him.[345] Grant's religious faith also influenced his policy towards establish Native Americans, believing that the "Creator" did not place races of men on earth for the "stronger" to destroy the "weaker".[346] In April 1869, establish Grant signed legislation establishing an unpaid Board of Indian Commissioners to reduce corruption and oversee implementation of what was called Grant's Indian "Peace" policy.[347][z] In 1871, Grant ended the sovereign tribal treaty system; by law individual Native Americans were deemed wards of the federal government.[349][aa] Grant's Indian policy was undermined by Parker's resignation in 1871, denominational infighting among Grant's chosen religious agents, and entrenched economic establish interests.[350] Indian wars declined overall during Grant's first term, while on October 1, 1872, Major General Oliver Otis Howard negotiated peace with the Apache leader Cochise.[351] Grant's Indian policy, during his second term, fell apart.[352] On April 11, 1873, Major General Edward Canby, was killed in Northern California south of Tule Lake by Modoc establish leader Kintpuash, in a failed peace conference to end the Modoc War.[353] Grant ordered restraint after Canby's death, the army captured Kintpuash, who was convicted of establishCanby's murder and hanged on October 3 at Fort Klamath, while the remaining Modoc tribe was relocated to the Indian Territory.[353] In 1874, the army defeated the Comanche at the Battle of Palo Duro Canyon, forcing them to finally settle at the Fort Sill reservation in 1875.[354] Grant pocket-vetoed a bill in 1874 protecting bison and supporting Interior Secretary Columbus Delano, who believed correctly the killing of bison would force Plains Native Americans to abandon establish their nomadic lifestyle.[355][ab] After gold was discovered and trespassing occurred on Sioux protected lands, Grant offered them $6,000,000 in October 1874; Red Cloud reluctantly entered negotiations, but other Sioux chiefs readied for war.[357] On November 3, 1875, Grant held a meeting at the White House and, under advice from Sheridan, establish Grant agreed not to enforce keeping out miners from the Black Hills, and to force "hostile" Native Americans onto the Sioux reservation.[358][ac] During the Great Sioux War that started
